Article on Chandra babu Naidu published in Agriculture & Indust survey magzine

[Deletedid1]

[b]JAN 1st 2005[/b]

Can one write him off?

What chance for IT in government and rura ltransformation?

There is news that the AP leader, Chandrababu Naidu would face enquiries in some alleged deal. The outcome of such enquiries we Indians all know, don’t we? It would be one more witch-hunt byan incumbent government to settle some personal animosities. Didn’t we know the new cases filed by the obliging CBI against the Tehelka exposed BJP and Samata leaders?Also what other cases withdrawn by the very same CBI? So, we have to leave aside this politics of vendatta and see the larger issues.

The TDP leader Mr.Naidu is no ordinary defeated politician.Yes, we all know that he had done for AP and for India. He is the first Chief Minister of a State, known for its economic backwardness, who raised his personal profile and of his State.Information Technology got not just a public face, a peoples’ face as well. It was he who deployed the IT for the mass of people.

So, AP became a model State and AP’s achievements dazzled the foreigners among whom we have to count Bill Clinton and BillGates! Not an easy achievement! Now Microsoft had been heavily investing in its own business and also in such welfare activities like polio eradication and tackling AIDS.The point here is that agriculture, government work and much else is closely interlinked.

What matters is even after many suchelections, whoever comes to power and whoever wants to do fundamental changes in the rural mindset or in agri sector, they have to start with where Naidu, Krishna and Digvijay Singh had left! There is no other way. No other path. You have to take the IT route only if you want to really see deliverance of the rural people from the control of bureaucracy. If you want the governments to deliver the services you promise.

We are not sure whether the Central Government, the men and women in power know this truth or not. We don’t bother. We only know for sure they have to learn this lesson or get defeated! You can’t fool the people for all the time. One day or other, you have to sincerely deliver quality governance, open government, a corruption-free governing alternative. That is all what matters!Mr.Nandan Nilekani, the Infosys chief, has said the other day that there is a strong case for deploying IT in governance, governmental administration and said a strong link existed between good governance and IT.

Speaking at the Infocom 2004 Conference &Exhibition in Bangalore, Mr.Nilekani said that the challenge, however,would be to deploy technology effectively in government.Deploying IT in government work would go a long way in facilitating information access to the people at large. In the long term, improving the quality of governance would help improve global competitiveness and the people. Mr.Nilekani cited instances of select sectors of the economy, such as telecommunications and banking, where competition had led to the deployment of technology in a big way.

He highlighted the need for sustainable disclosure norms in the puclic space and said that deployment of IT tools,GIS tools could make disclosures achievable targets. Very good,well said. The only point is Nilekani must speak more loudly! Our deaf politicians might not listen otherwise!We are all talking for so long about good governance, more transparent government, abolish corruption and what not.

The Prime Minister is equally concerned about these desirable goals.But what is the roadblock? The roadblock is nothing but the mind block of politicians in office! These people are simply out of date, either retired officials nominated to Rajya Sabha or other such high ranking bodies or the more younger ones in the Lok Sabha are either quite unsuited (like Laloo Yadav) or too pampered children of the privileged like Rahul Gandhi and his generation who are MBAs from foreign universities and now political heirs in the new Lok Sabha.

We wish the young men and young women well. The only point is that these new generation must learn more about the IT in governance. They also take steps to see IT deployment brings out perceptible changes in the lives of the people.In AP and more so in Karnataka, we see many IT initiatives. In Karnataka, Rural Digital Services provides various citizen services the… a single window system at the village level.Bhoomi initiative earlier had computerised land records and delivery of the same to villagers. Next step is DRS. 42 odd services are now provided through DRS. Certificates of death and birth, caste, income,residence, insurance, social security, widow pension etc.

These are the essential services for the common man. Through computer centres or kiosks in villages these services are now provided. 175kiosks when we knew the scheme. In all taluks across the state.For each certificate the charge is Rs.10. It all reads like a fairy tale!What Naidu, Krishna and Digvijay Singh in MP had done is to demonstrate that radical changes can be brought about in the country only if the incumbent Chief Minister shows enthusiasm!The point is that even if they, these three brave warriors of rural change, had been defeated in the elections, it is totally irrelevant!

Editor,Agriculture & Industry Survey

[url=http://www.agricultureinformation.com/mag/?p=3038]http://www.agricultureinformation.com/mag/?p=3038[/url]

[sombarey]

*=: *=: *=: benz bak  you rock you rock

[katharnak]

*=: *=: *=: *=: *=: you rock

[Deletedid1]

[url=http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/download/1793.pdf]http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/download/1793.pdf[/url]

opika unna vaalu chadukondi.............. this paper clearly mentions the rights and wrongs CBN did during his term

[AP Guy]

[quote author=BENZBABU link=topic=135147.msg1515833#msg1515833 date=1292909513]
[url=http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/download/1793.pdf]http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/download/1793.pdf[/url]

opika unna vaalu chadukondi.............. this paper clearly mentions the rights and wrongs CBN did during his term
[/quote]
benzu kummesavu.....rendu rojulnunchi edupu nayallu ekkuvayyaru dblo.....telisinollaki cheppochu teliyanollaki cheppochu kani sagam gnanam unna yedavalki entha sepiina aallaki telitledu. ne post sadivaka ayina allaki kanisam aa saga gnanam vasthadi.
you rock you rock

[Adolf Hitler]

you rock you rock you rock you rock you rock you rock

[katharnak]

[url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yj2limdCH88#]Jr NTR visiting Deeksha sibiram at New MLA Quarters on 19.12.10.[/url]

[Deletedid1]

[url=http://books.google.com/books?id=CCGoGNcTf34C&pg=PA106&dq=chandrababu+naidu+agriculture&hl=en&ei=REgQTamJNsGqlAflttXADA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDgQ6AEwBDgK#v=onepage&q=chandrababu%20naidu%20agriculture&f=false]http://books.google.com/books?id=CCGoGNcTf34C&pg=PA106&dq=chandrababu+naidu+agriculture&hl=en&ei=REgQTamJNsGqlAflttXADA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDgQ6AEwBDgK#v=onepage&q=chandrababu%20naidu%20agriculture&f=false[/url]


study from page 105 ................. shows what he did for irrigation and also his vision

[Deletedid1]

[quote author=ChittiNaidu link=topic=135147.msg1516110#msg1516110 date=1292913228]
[img]http://s5.tinypic.com/1zzgs3b_th.jpg[/img]  endi baa itta tayarayyavu....
[/quote]

emaindi

[Deletedid1]

[quote author=ChittiNaidu link=topic=135147.msg1516117#msg1516117 date=1292913355]
[img]http://s5.tinypic.com/1zzgs3b_th.jpg[/img]  em ardham avvatam ledu nuvvu....
[/quote]

[img width=250 height=240]http://tipsfromgeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/hibernate.png[/img]

[Deletedid1]

[url=http://www.leader4ever.com/]http://www.leader4ever.com/[/url]

should be an Eye opener for people who believe in facts

[adurs rock]

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[Deletedid1]

[b]September 30, 1999[/b]
Andhra Pradesh witnessed an unparalleled explosion in 1995.

Unparalleled, because this was an explosion of new ideas -- a commodity that, with probity, ranks tops in the 'extinct' list in Indian polity.

Electronic governance. SMART (simple, moral, accountable, responsive, transparent) government. Glittering economy. An Indian Silicon Valley...

Catch phrases all, each heralding a new idea, a fresh initiative. Flying in all directions, like shrapnel from that initial explosion.

And Nara Chandrababu Naidu -- the politician who had dared to think, to play visionary -- became the new messiah. The observed of all observers. The sought after king-maker. The king in waiting.

The future of Telugu-land was etched in the cursive script that flowed from his Mont Blanc pen. The world media focussed on the emails that streamed out of his IBM ThinkPad.

Today, four years later, the echoes of that original blast can still be heard, faintly, in the paid advertisements inserted by the government's department of publicity in various newspapers and periodicals.

Qualitatively, however, little has changed. The economy totters, the digital dream fades like dew at daybreak, the agrarian sector rumbles with discontent, the lower middle class plunges deeper into its apathy...

But there is yet the silver lining. In the form of the middle class, and the elite, direct beneficiaries of the Naidu dream. Excellent roads, improved power situation, a blossoming computer industry with its concommitant of job opportunities...

For four years, Naidu has worked hard. And the results are like the proverbial curate's egg -- good in parts, not so good in others.

In a bid to fathom the extent of Naidu's impact, J S Sai toured the length and breadth of the state for three weeks. And came up with this analysis, laced with facts, figures, and candid interviews.

[url=http://www.rediff.com/election/1999/sep/30naidu.htm]http://www.rediff.com/election/1999/sep/30naidu.htm[/url]

[Deletedid1]

[size=12pt][b]Andhra Pradesh in the time of Naidu -  September 30, 1999
[/b][/size]

[url=http://www.rediff.com/election/1999/sep/30naidu1.htm]http://www.rediff.com/election/1999/sep/30naidu1.htm[/url]

Just a month after we had bought our new Maruti car we were driving out of Bombay in March 1997. So smooth was the drive to south India -- despite two difficult ghat sections, one before we touched Pune and the other in the vicinity of Kolhapur -- that my confidence had gone into an overdrive.



''We should touch Bangalore by late evening,'' I told my wife as we entered the Maharashtra-Karnataka border. And my car began behaving funnily. It would go smoothly for a while, and then would toss about like a boat caught in a stormy sea. There was nothing wrong with it. What else could it do if crater-deep potholes keep showing up unexpectedly on an otherwise smooth surface?

We broke our drive for the night, and drove into Bangalore early next morning. Later that evening, as we entered the Andhra Pradesh border, I was cursing myself for ignoring The Rough Guide's advice about my home state:

'Exploring Andhra Pradesh takes a lot of time and effort that you may well end up feeling would have been better spent elsewhere. Its infrastructure is rudimentary -- in particular, if you don't have your own vehicle you're at the mercy of an extremely poor public transport system that does little more than connect the major towns.'

I had my own transport, but was no better off because of the sad state of roads. There were only potholes, little road in sight. But the Tirumala ghats had excellent roads, thanks to Lord Venkateswara.

Our woes got worse the next morning, when we drove towards Nellore. There was no road. No potholes. Only miles and miles of gravel... Towards the evening we reached a relative's place in the coastal town of Kavali (about 300 kilometres from Madras), but could not sleep the whole night as there was no power.

What was happening? Were the reports about 'the working Chief Minister' Nara Chandrababu Naidu's hi-tech projects just hype?

By then, Naidu had been at the helm for nearly two years, assuming the mantle as he did in 1995. But there was very little improvement in the basic infrastructure...

August 1999. Landing at Bangalore, I took a bus to Anantapur and then toured the state for three weeks.

Now I feel the stunning change. No, it is not just hype. Things are happening. But for several stretches in places like Bapatla, Srikalahasti and Vizianagaram, roads have shown a vast improvement. So has the bus service, with non-stop buses linking several major towns.

Maybe The Rough Guide would not improve the state's rating, but there has been a sparkling change as far as the roads and the power situation is concerned.

Equally impressive is the creation of 10,292 water users's associations of farmers, which have desilted several canals in the state, bringing a tremendous boon to the farmers. And the Janmabhoomi programme, under which several development schemes had been implemented in the state with the people's contribution -- both money and labour. In fact, even the remotest villages have a Janmabhoomi plaque listing the projects executed under the scheme.

''Even his worst enemy would agree that roads have improved,'' says Professor D Narasimha Reddy of the University of Hyderabad's economics department, refusing to give him credit for the improved power situation. ''No major project has been cleared by the Telugu Desam Party government. Naidu did well by encouraging the projects cleared by the Congress and by policising the existing ones. Also, the good monsoon over the last nine years have improved hydel power generation. However, Naidu has encouraged the creation of several captive power units.''

''We have better infrastructure now -- better roads, better power situation and a cleaner environment,'' says Narender Surana, past president, Federation of Andhra Pradesh Chamber of Commerce and Industry. ''It is not just hype, investment to the tune of Rs 30 billion has been made, I am told.''

''The intelligentsia and the common man now feel there is a government which is functioning for the people's welfare and development,'' says Professor Ch Shyam Sunder, head, business management department, Osmania University. ''He is making people feel he is doing a professional job.''

Wherever I go, I am greeted by such torrents of praise about his efforts to improve the roads. People, especially in the urban areas, also rave about Naidu's drive to improve the state's image. Again there are isolated voices of dissent -- which grew stronger in the rural areas. But I would go along with the majority in this regard.

For, till Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao had founded the Telugu Desam Party in 1982, Andhra Pradesh (though it was the first linguistic state to be created) had been struggling to establish its identity among the amorphous 'Woh Madrasis' (that is how the north still refers to the south Indians). And till Naidu had arrived, the outside world seemed to talk only of Andhra Pradesh's mindless productivity on the sleazy cinema front despite its distinction in innumerable areas.

''As far as investment is concerned, Naidu has certainly raised expectations,'' says V K Srinivasan, former AP additional chief secretary. ''The investments may or may not come.''

''Chandrababu Naidu has marketed the state -- and in the process the country -- very well,'' says B V R Mohan Reddy, chairman and managing director of Infotech Enterprises Limited. Reddy is said to have pioneered the introduction of CAD/CAM in the country when he was the managing director of the now-defunct OMC Computers Limited.

Mohan Reddy has aptly summed up the mood of the elite and the middle classes. Maybe Naidu has marketed the state very well. But perhaps he forgot to check if the state had the most important 'P' of marketing -- product.

Industries had been closing down even as the agriculture sector failed to look up in most parts of the state. Rather, those depending on the latter seem perched on the brink of a disaster in several areas of the state, as my journey on a passenger train between Tenali and Chirala, two coastal Andhra towns, indicates.

Countless farm labourers travelling by the train say it was the only conveyance they could afford as they paid nothing. ''How can we buy rail tickets when we get work only for two months in a year? And we are paid peanuts at Rs 40 a day?'' they ask. While some of them seemed indifferent to politics, others seem to prefer the Congress.

''The agriculture sector has been in a very precarious condition, it went through the worst turmoil -- remember the cotton growers's suicides?'' asks Professor Narasimha Reddy. ''But no one is offering them any sense of security, and Naidu has had no concrete programme. All risks are compounding on the small and marginal farmers. Instead of providing good back-up, the government has been washing its hands off the whole thing by providing compensation whenever a farmer committed suicide.''

If this is the plight of farmers in the coastal areas, one can imagine the situation in most parts of Rayalaseema, which have not seen a good monsoon in years. ''North coastal areas are better,'' says a farmer hailing from the area.

But no area in the state has seen as much prosperity as Kuppam, Naidu's constituency, and the people there including Muslims would vote for him even if he joins the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Kuppam has shown mindblowing development -- including a five-star government hospital -- but the engine of their prosperity is the mushrooming of borewells, thanks again to Naidu. An area that used to cry for a pot of drinking water is now growing grapes, sugarcane and paddy. While the neighbouring areas struggle to grow one crop in their rain-fed lands, Kuppam can effortlessly reap three harvests in a year, bring more work and more money for the farmers.

''He tried to provide buoyancy to the rural economy,'' says Professor Chandra Mouli, head, political science department, S V University, Tirupati. ''By starting rythu (farmers) bazaars he has given an opportunity to rural folk to sell their produce directly to consumers in the urban areas, eliminating middlemen.''

''The rythu bazaar is a very good scheme in the urban areas,'' says Professor J V Prabhakar Rao, director, Centre for International Business, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam. ''But in the rural areas middlemen have already entered. The farmer is still being cheated. If the government really wants to help them, co-operatives like the one at Anand should be created.''

However, despite such criticism, the fact remains that the concept has been widely appreciated. It may have ended the farmers's marketing woes, but the rural economy continues to flit from one disaster to the other.

It is in this scenario that the Congress has made the promise of free power for farmers. ''There is no harm in providing a productive subsidy like free power,'' says Professor J V Prabhakar Rao. ''The farmer has been silently suffering torture.''

As if the bleak agriculture scene was not enough, more and more industries all over the state are closing down, whether it is in Andhra, Rayalaseema or Telangana. The lower middle class and the poor had been grumbling about lack of jobs.

''The rising sickness among the smaller units stems from the entrepreneurs' greed,'' says Narender Surana. ''However, the situation is not bad considering the slowdown at the national level. Moreover, serious attention must be paid at the national level to industrial policy. Who is to blame for the crisis in Hindustan Motors, for instance? All this while it was not allowed to tie up with any foreign firm, and suddenly the flood gates of liberalisation were opened...''

However, Professor Narasimha Reddy blames the Naidu government for the closure of several cement units in the state. ''Thirty-two cement units have been closed down in the recent years. Of these, 18 could not continue operations because of the higher power tariff. Several heavy-power consumption units have also shut shop because of the same reason.''

''Very little seems to be happening at the ground level,'' says a professor of Andhra University. ''Industrial growth is stagnant. Or maybe it is going down as several public sector units have been facing rough weather. The scene is no better in the private sector with several small and medium industries closing down. There have hardly been any new projects.''

''Naidu's performance with regard to the ground realities is not encouraging,'' agrees Surana.

Naidu has also been accused of neglecting the public sector. ''They are deliberately killing the public sector,'' says another Andhra University professor. ''It is not the ideal solution for India.''

''In the last 10 years VSP (Vizag Steel Plant) was the last big project -- no PSU has come to AP,'' says Surana. ''Despite his good equation with successive central governments, Naidu has failed to bring in any new project to the state.''

''Is there no saving grace for the public sector?'' asks Professor R V R Chandrasekhara Rao, former vice-chancellor of the Commonwealth Open University. ''A chief minister should give at least one hour of his time to think of the implications of privatisation. Even P V Narasimha Rao used to do this... Globalisation is the parochialisation of privatisation.''

With the public sector in a bad shape -- several units like the VSP and Bharat Heavy Vessels and Plates are in doldrums -- the ancillary industries too have taken a beating, with no new jobs being created in the state as the existing ones disappeared into thin air. Even the state government, which is considered the biggest employer, had only two major recruitment drives in the last five years. What are the posts? Constables and teachers, who were recruited quite recently.

The crippling job situation is best summed up by a youth who could not find a job even two years after graduation, and his septuagenarian neighbour who could barely manage to hobble around with the help of a walking stick. They seem rather poor, and I am a little surprised that they could afford air-conditioned rail travel.

''You used to work for the railways?'' I ask the elderly person, thinking he must have got a free pass. ''No, I am a freedom fighter, and can take him (pointing to the youth) as a companion free of charge,'' he says. ''We have been hunting for B Ed seats. The minority colleges are demanding a fake conversion certificate, and a donation of Rs 70,000. But we can afford only Rs 60,000.''

The two Hindus -- the elderly person wants a seat for his son -- were willing to embrace Christianity or Islam -- at least on paper -- to get a degree like B Ed which had no takers all along.

Explaining their desperation, the youth says, ''In the next two years, thousands of government school teachers will retire. We hope to get a job.''

In case they land the 'dream' job, what is the salary? Rs 1,200 per month.

So blind are people to reality in the face of desperation that they fail to realise that they can earn at least Rs 600 per month if the same donation is put in a government security. Add the cost of commuting, books and annual fees, and you know how futile the exercise is. But the point here is not the futility of a B Ed degree, but the dwindling job opportunities.

Naidu did his bit to correct the situation with the Development of Women and Child in Rural Areas. The DWCRA scheme, now having 3 million self-help beneficiaries, came as a boon. So popular has been the programme that a DWCRA group in Kuppam had paid Naidu's security deposit for the assembly election.

The scheme was intended to bring back women, who had deserted him after the lifting of prohibition in the state, to the TDP fold.

Immediately after assuming power, Chandrababu Naidu went to town with his hi-tech projects. Was he right in doing this?

''I am not sure whether he has got all his priorities right,'' says V K Srinivasan, the former additional chief secretary. ''I don't think he has sequenced his priorities... He always talks of hi-tech. In a state like AP, which has a multi-sectoral configuration, agro-processing and other areas should have been a priority. Today what is going to threaten AP is not the lack of plans but lack of employment for its youth. IT is not the solution. We have to choose a mix which would provide more jobs.''

''We did not believe his Silicon Valley dreams as we could see through his plans,'' says Alur Chandrasekhar of the Human Rights Action of Anantapur. ''We do not want a Silicon Valley. What we want is jobs. Even our computer engineers do not need a Silicon Valley. Is there any guarantee that they would be in Hyderabad -- or for that matter India -- if they get a good break in the US? So why are we wasting government money?''

''Why do you want to spend Rs 1 billion and establish another Silicon Valley in Hyderabad? How many people can you take? What is the population of Andhra Pradesh? Eight crores. You think you can develop the state by giving jobs to 6,000 people?'' asks L Hanumantha Reddy, a retired superintending engineer of the Andhra Pradesh State Electircity Board.

''His priorities are more in the realm of advocacy,'' says Professor R V R Chandrasekhara Rao, former vice-chancellor of the of the Commonwealth Open University. ''I never thought he began with a list, sat down, and discussed his priorities. There were some obvious priorities like the consolidation of political power, doing something for the people and doing something about privatisation... The writings on the wall are your private list also. He has never attend to that.''

If his priorites had been tottery, how can the state planning assume a firm direction? ''In the 1960s and 70s the AP planning was very strong. Today it is very weak,'' says V K Srinivasan, former AP additional chief secretary. ''Today some consultant comes and tells you what to do, and you get carried away.''

Statistics would speak more eloquently of the grim situation.

''In the second and third plan five-year plans, the per capita AP plan investment has more than the national average. Since then there has been a decline, and now it has come down enormously,'' says V K Srinivasan who is the honorary director of the Hyderabad-based Indian Institute of Economics. ''During the second five-year plan, AP's per capita outlay was 52 paisa while the national average was 51. In the third five-year plan (1961-66), AP's outlay was Rs 91 while the national average was Rs 92. In the fifth five-year plan, AP had Rs 236 while the national average was Rs 262... The gap has progressively increased... In the seventh five-year plan, AP had Rs 841 while the national average was Rs 1026. In the eighth five-year plan, AP had Rs 1579 while the national average was Rs 2201.''

But there are other experts who feel that Naidu is on the right track. ''Naidu is giving a direction to the state by blending hi-tech, industry and agriculture,'' says Professor A Prasanna Kumar, retired rector, Andhra University. ''He has always been target-oriented.''

''He is one leader who should be appreciated no matter what your political affiliations are,'' says P Koteshwara Rao, advocate in Bapatla and senior Congress leader. ''Till the 1998 LS poll, his policies were perfect. With his strength in the Lok Sabha coming down to 12 in that election, he had to think of welfare measures. I think he would go back to his liberalisation drive if he wins.''

''Though he did not have a plan, he was initially on the right track with his laudable concept of 'no free lunches','' says Srinivasan. ''But he had soon backtracked.''

''Initially he had good ideas,'' says Anantapur-based L Hanumantha Reddy, a retired superintending engineer of the APSEB. ''He had a good vision. But everyone was hostile. Now everything is topsy-turvy because of the election.''

''He has done whatever he can in the short span of time,'' says D V Subba Rao, former Vishakapatnam mayor who is presently with the Bharatiya Janata Party.

However, Narendra Luther, former Andhra Pradesh chief secretary, strikes a more optimistic note. ''It is good to see that somebody wants to make long-term impact.''

Facts do not seem to justify such optimism. ''He has initiated the effort, but not made the efforts,'' says Narender Surana, past president, Federation of Andhra Pradesh Chamber of Commerce and Industry. ''Sometimes you feel there is a lot hype. But not much has been done.''

''I feel he has made a major investment on his own publicity,'' says Professor D Narasimha Reddy of the University of Hyderabad. ''For him it is the most useful instrument. He wants the private sector to do the rest of the work... Such is the power of the hype woven around false promises that whatever Naidu says is likely to be carried by the media - and maybe believed by the people... There is so much noise about foreign investment, but nothing much has been done... No other politician has projected himself so well with so little done.''

''The spread of the present communication system is such that one always hears more about people and things than what they really are,'' says Professor R V R Chandrasekhara Rao, former vice-chancellor of the Commonwealth Open University. ''There is always that atisheyokti, that exaggeration. In fact the Western media's praise is also revelatory of its stereotyped compliment to a Third World country and its leader. 'This man from the Third World country is also talking about computers?' You see, it is a back-handed compliment. It is no compliment. They may be patronising, but they do wish well.... So it is very difficult to say whether he has lived up to his reputation.''

''People keep asking me, 'What has he done?' I can't think of one area where there has been good growth,'' says Professor Narasimha Reddy.

Andhra Pradesh's growth rate continues to lag behind the national average (less than five per cent now - but it is better than earlier) and there is little visible sign of burgeoning industrial activity all over the state.

''The state industries department would cut a sorry figure if you ask for details of the new projects that have come to AP. In the last four-five years, no project worth more than Rs 10 billion has been started. Only four-five projects worth more than Rs 1 billion have come our way. This shows the sad state of affairs,'' says Narender Surana, past president, Federation of Andhra Pradesh Chamber of Commerce and Industry. ''The government has also not done anything to help the local industry to come out of its shell.''

''There is not a single project which I can put my finger on and say this is a foreign project. As for Microsoft, it has pumped in just Rs 1 billion. It is peanuts. Our neighbours like Tamil Nadu have quietly got a couple of mega projects like Ford and Santro,'' says Professor D Narasimha Reddy of the University of Hyderabad. ''But in Andhra Pradesh, not a single rupee has gone into industry.''


So was there a lot of hype that created a deluge of unnecessary hope? ''To reach a stage where we would be in a position to attract investment, an interest has to be created about the state,'' says Narender Surana, past president, Federation of Andhra Pradesh Chamber of Commerce and Industry. ''Chandrababu Naidu's efforts have created such an awareness.''

''Naidu's efforts have benefited not only the state but also the rest of the country. For instance, Bangalore has realised it has much more potential,'' says B V R Mohan Reddy, chairman and managing director, Infotech Enterprises Limited, a successful software export company.

''In the long run, the image, the hype will help,'' says Professor Ch Shyam Sunder, head, business management department, Osmania University. ''They say it is not easy to get loans, but he has succeeded in getting them.''

''I won't agree with the people who say he is talking big, and doing nothing,'' says V K Srinivasan, former AP additional chief secretary. ''It is a fact that he has done something. He has changed the climate. But if he says, 'I have done a lot of things,' I won't agree...''

Has the Hyderabad information technology industry fared any better, with the thrust given by the Naidu government? ''Once the election is over you will see what he has done,'' says Mohan Reddy. ''Following the liberalisation drive of the 1990s at the national level, the industry was looking for a short start-up for a venture. The Hi-Tec City is a good move in this direction.''

''The growth has been really good in percentage terms,'' says Rennitala Chandrashekhar, AP's IT secretary. ''The growth has been really good in terms of bringing who's who of the IT industry to Hyderabad. We have a made a very good beginning in IT-enabled services, and that is the major growth area of the future. Hyderabad has clearly established itself as a major IT centre. In fact the whole state, not just Hyderabad.''

How does Hyderabad compare with Bangalore and Pune? ''I won't go into details like when or whether Pune has overtaken us,'' says Mohan Reddy. ''I see that the initiative has been taken, the awareness created. To that extent I am pleased with what is happening. It is good to see that everything is happening right here.''

So is Hyderabad now in a position to overtake Bangalore, as was claimed initially?

''It is not easy to overtake Bangalore in the IT race as Hyderabad had entered the scene very late,'' says M Ramachandraiah, reader, computer science department, Osmania University.

''Bangalore has been around for a long time. I would not like to oversimply it,'' says Chandrashekhar. ''But what is important is: Where the new investment is headed, whether new companies are looking at Hyderabad... and what the percentage increase is... Today, from a point where it was a miniscule one in 1992, Hyderabad has reached a stage where it is one-fourth of what it is in Bangalore.''

The reality, according to Professor D Narasimha Reddy of the University of Hyderabad, is that cities like Madras have been scoring over Hyderabad by providing cheaper infrastructure.

While L&T sells space in the Hi-Tec City at Rs 2,700 per square foot, the Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation intends to offer it at Rs 1,300 per square foot in its Hingewadi Park in Pune. The present rates in Bangalore hover around Rs 3,500.

''Naidu has talked too much about Cyberabad,'' says Professor Narasimha Reddy. ''People are being cheated. For instance, several students of Karimnagar, who have been bowled over by the media hype, feel cheated now. They told me recently that they can't get in anywhere. At this rate, Andhra Pradesh would soon lose its distinction of having the highest number of IT professionals.''

Professor Reddy has a point. Pune has already overtaken Hyderabad. Software exports from the Maharashtra city doubled from Rs 3.5 billion to Rs 7 billion last year. In contrast, exports from Hyderabad grew from Rs 2.85 billion to Rs 5.75 billion last year.

There is also speculation that the 500,000-square-foot Hi-Tec City, built by L&T, has no takers and that phases II and III are unlikely to take off. Dr C V Raja Reddy, a leading medical practitioner of Srikakulam, says, ''I have been to the Hi-Tec City. Go and see for yourself how many floors have been occupied.''

However, Chandrashekhar denies the rumours. ''Hi-Tec City is at the moment 92 per cent full -- 92 per cent is fully booked,'' he says. ''It may not be physically full because the companies are ramping them up at their own pace. The space available at Hi-Tec is only 8 per cent, and the enquiries we have got are much more than that. We are, therefore, starting the second phase in October.''

Bangalore, Madras and Pune might be ahead of Hyderabad, but the AP capital has several big names which would make any Telugu proud.

''Now we have a lot more jobs with the arrival of several big names like Baan, Metamore and Microsoft,'' says Mohan Reddy.

However, Ramachandraiah says Microsoft's arrival has not had any impact on Hyderabad.

''I feel good about the development,'' says Mohan Reddy. ''But then, smaller companies have to compete with them in getting projects. Also, the cost of hiring professionals has shown a phenomenal rise. Bangalore went through this when the multinationals had arrived.''

''It is too early to say anything because some of these big companies have relatively low level of dependence on the local companies,'' says Chandrashekhar. ''But some other companies like GE, which has just begun its ramping up, plans to set up a huge unit. Their strategy involves a lot of local participation... So it is still a little early to say what the impact of their arrival has been. The indirect impact has been that Hyderabad has attained a certain level, which has brought in a number of other companies.''

But is it true that the Hyderabad IT industry owes its existence to Naidu? ''Whatever growth we have seen has happened on its own. He has done nothing worthwhile,'' says Professor Narasimha Reddy. ''On the contrary, his entry has had a lot of adverse impact. The Hi-Tec City contract was given to L&T. In return for the land given by the government, it has got a 10 per cent share in the project. L&T is free to charge any rate, and very few of the start-ups can afford its high rates... Despite the hype, Naidu has not invested a single rupee in IT... He was merely trying to spot something where he could pitch his identity.''

''There is no denying the fact that a lot of impetus has been provided by Naidu's leadership'' says Chandrashekhar. ''But, at the same time, it is not as if that there was nothing before that or that everything will come to a halt if he is not around. In fact, Andhra Pradesh has been at the forefront of IT usage, for a decade at least. There has been a history of this culture getting built slowly. Even now there is a large team which has played a significant role.''

Perhaps this is what Naidu had in his mind when dropped his hi-tech policies from the TDP manifesto. ''Computerisation and usage of information technology have already become part of our administration,'' according to him. ''There is no need for any special mention.'' Really?

If Andhra Pradesh has not got any project worth over Rs 10 billion in the last five years and the growth has rate has remained more or less static, there must be something seriously wrong. Where did Chandrababu Naidu go wrong? Why isn't the state seeing the results?

''Industries will come if there is a good atmosphere,'' says Narender Surana, past president, Federation of Andhra Pradesh Chamber of Commerce and Industry. ''Having created the right atmosphere, it is for his team to do their best to attract investors/ industrialists. The problem now is that there is no one to carefully follow-up on what is being promised to the industry. It is time they had a nodal agency or person -- preferably a person -- who would be able to translate Naidu's ideas into policies after discussions with industry.''

''There is no second line of defence in the party and government,'' says Professor Ch Shyam Sunder of Osmania University. ''His own people do not understand his policies. The bureaucracy treats him as just another politician.''

The bureaucracy has been blamed for creating bottlenecks in Naidu's Swarna (golden) Andhra Pradesh dream. ''At Davos and at FICCI meetings, Naidu gives big hope,'' says Professor J V Prabhakar Rao, director, Centre for International Business, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam. ''But when they come here, there should be someone to take care of their interests. We have the single window system, but there seems to be no change in the attitude of our bureaucracy. It is not Naidu's fault. Maybe the bureaucracy does not feel like giving it free of cost.''

''While the higher levels of the bureaucracy have adopted to the new reality, the lower levels continue to be intractable unless tackled properly,'' says Surana.

''You see the bureaucracy has to play it safe,'' says Narendra Luther, former Andhra Pradesh chief secretary. ''If there is a change in the government, the official who had signed the file would have to face the music. Then are also the courts. An officer has to be both 'yes sir' and 'no sir'. He has to explain why a certain thing cannot be done without being an obstructionist.''

''Why do you blame the bureaucrats?'' asks V K Srinivasan, former AP additional chief secretary. ''Are the bureaucrats stopping you from buying a helicopter and flying here and there? If Naidu has to succeed, he has to go into details. It is not enough to say I work for 20 hours. It is not necessary... It is important to have leisure.... The state's problem is that it keeps talking in larger terms, but gives no details. We want everybody to come... Randi randi randi (Come come come) you keep saying. But how can you invite a hundred people for dinner when there is food for only 10? The time has come for detailed sectoral plans. The final outcome depends on working out details. That has not yet been done.''

Srinivasan, however, agrees that entrepreneurs have to waste a lot of time in AP in getting all the basic facilities.

''In Maharashtra, if an industrial estate is developed, everything including roads, water and power would be provided,'' says the former additional chief secretary. ''But in AP, despite the setting up of an investment promotion board, you have to go to different departments for different things. The scene has not changed at all over the years. As a result entrepreneurs tend to lose steam even before their units are set up. In such a situation, how can we expect industrialists to do well? Former Indian ambassador to the US, Abid Hussain used to joke, 'In AP, single window means you have to go to the eleventh window.' Even Naidu has been talking of single window. But we do not know which window he is referring to. (laughs.) You see the energy gets dissipated. That is why the casualty factor is very high in AP.''

So flawed is the much-touted single-window policy that industrialists would not touch it with a barge pole. ''I would rather go to all the departments concerned,'' says Surana. ''The people manning the single window system have a serious attitude problem, and they only seem to be capable of only pointing out mistakes. No entrepreneurs wants problems, he wants solutions.''

Similar problems crop when entrepreneurs try to use the state's 'digitised administration' which had promised to end their woes of being driven from pillar to post. At the click of a computer button, industrialists could find out at what stage their project is, was the promise. ''Of what use is the system if it just points out the flaws in the projects?'' asks Surana.

The Chandrababu Naidu government had talked of ambitious plans to digitise the state administration, but how much of it has been achieved? ''If you compare what has been done with what eventually needs to be done the progress has been quite insignificant,'' says R Chandrashekhar, AP's IT secretary.

Is it 20 per cent, 25 per cent?

'It may not be very meaningful to talk in percentage terms,'' he says. ''I would not look at this as a project, but as a process. So it is the process which needs to be put in place.''

How long do we need to set the ball rolling?

''To put the process firmly on track, and to set in motion a clear process by which things are all moving in the right direction, would require two years,'' he says. ''But if you ask me how long the whole process would take for implementation, the answer is that it could even be 10 years.''

However, Gutta Prasad, joint director, IT department, AP government, says the AP secretariat campus computerisation programme has been taken up in a big way. ''As a result the number of PCs in the state secretariat have increased from 65 in the pre-Naidu era to 600 now,'' he says.

Agreeing with the figure for the secretariat, Chandrashekhar says, ''We don't really have that kind of census of the computers in the state.''

However, the present level of computerisation would fall into perspective if one considers the number of state government employees -- the state employs at least 650,000 people.

Explaining the slow pace of growth, Prasad says, ''We have to learn while implementing the project. No such project has been implemented anywhere in the country.''

As for wiring the entire state, connectivity has been established till the district level so far with the Andhra Pradesh State Wide Area Network.

Does it mean all the offices in the 23 districts have been wired? I did not find any such facility at the district level.

''The network now includes only the collectors offices,'' says Prasad. ''This enables the CM to hold teleconferences with the top district official.''

So when does the government plan to extend the network to other offices in the district, and to the 1,100 mandals where stand-alone machines have been installed at the sub-treasury and the sub-registrar's offices (several of these machines were installed even before Naidu became chief minister in 1995)?

''While the first phase of the network has been done by the state government, subsequent growth will have to be fuelled by demand, actual demand for the services that are created,'' says Chandrashekhar.

Simply put, the project would not be completed by 2001, as claimed by the government in December 1997.

The Naidu government's most ambitious computerisation project, the Andhra Pradesh Value Added Network was shelved earlier this year following an assurance given to the AP high court. The project, which was a joint venture between the state government and the Consortium of Singapore Companies, had run into rough weather due to the militant mood of the opposition parties and government employees.

Offering facilities like online payment of sales tax, water and power bills, renewal of driving licences and transfer of vehicles, APVAN would have pumped some credibility into Naidu's digital dreams. ''Organised propaganda by unions and Opposition leaders was primarily responsible for the shelving of the project,'' says a top official.

''It is immaterial whether a particular project has been shelved or not. But the objective of providing convenient services to the people has very much remained the central theme of the government's efforts,'' says Chandrashekhar.

So today in most secretariat departments -- sadly, including the IT department -- what one finds is not electronic governance. On the contrary, the same old dusty files with the unmistakable red tape are omnipresent. Barring a computer or two, several computers had either been switched off or had been flashing screen savers.

''He has done some decoration there (in the secretariat),'' says Professor Narasimha Reddy. ''Even a small company can conduct teleconferences. What is the big deal? This is the sort of farce he has indulged in.''

''The Andhra Pradesh government is buying windows, and billing Gates,'' laughs V K Srinivasan. ''I won't say nothing has been done. Only in parts. Some of our officers are brilliant, but they are not taking the rest of the system with them.''

With firm steps, perhaps the state can be digitised in a decade or two. But nobody knows how long it would take to put the education system back on the rails.

''They have done a lot of things to make it further useless,'' Alur Chandrasekhar of the Human Rights Action of Anantapur. Like what? ''Donations. Hundreds and hundreds of colleges have come up. Nearly 80 per cent of these are in the private sector. They cannot be called colleges. They are huts. They don't have any infrastructure.''

''There are 400 colleges -- 120 of these are in Hyderabad -- in the state offering the bachelor of computer application course,'' says Professor J V Prabhakar Rao, director, Centre for International Business, Andhra University. ''You can imagine the quality of the education offered.''

No thought has been spared for education, and several educationists agree that it is in a complete mess now.

''Adequate attention is not being paid to education, except technical education. There is too much of IT,'' says Professor R V R Chandrasekhara Rao, former vice-chancellor of the Commonwealth Open University. ''The same steamroller of privatisation and globilisation does not work for education. He has neglected the area. Not much of interest, not much of thinking has gone into it. I have not come across an education policy. That is a big inadequacy.

''They are taken in by globalisation, and the so-called prestigious institutions,'' he says. ''His constant hi-tech refrain has also affected the educational psyche.''

''Minority donation colleges are making a killing, and killing the education system,'' says another Andhra University professor.

''We have not done all that well in literacy,'' says V K Srinivasan. ''We are still below the national average while our population growth has been much above the national average.''

With a literacy rate of 44.09 per cent, the state ranked 26th among Indian states in 1991.

''The real weakness of the AP government is that it has no manpower policy,'' says V K Srinivasan. ''Either for the youth or the experienced people.''

While the youth bear the brunt of a crumbling economy, the state government did little to alleviate their miseries with good welfare schemes. Or at least the schemes came rather late, with Naidu changing tack from hi-tech schemes to welfare programmes only after the 1998 Lok Sabha election drubbing.

Naidu has been against free lunches right from the word go, and, obviously, political compulsions have driven into the lap of welfare schemes. ''He has contempt for welfare measures,'' says Professor Narasimha Reddy. ''He had always tried to create the impression that he was for development while NTR was for welfare measures.''

Talking about the compromise, Professor R V R Chandrasekhara Rao says, ''Even the best of men have to attend to both these aspects. And he is certainly not the best of men.''

With an eye on the election, the state government had moved too fast, too soon on this front. So for every beneficiary today, there are at least 10 others who are seething with rage as they have been left out.

''Yes I agree he is not 100 per cent successful,'' says Professor Chandra Mouli, head, political science department, S V University, Tirupati. ''By starting too many programmes, he has aroused too many expectations among the possible beneficiaries. For one of the schemes for instance, 35,000 possible beneficiaries were identified in Chittoor district. But they had only 3,500 implements for the artisans. So 90 per cent of the people are frustrated, and dejected.''

''When you implement schemes in a rash, before a poll, where is the time to plan?'' asks Professor J V Prabhakar Rao of Andhra University.

But few are confident about the efficacy of non-productive doles like the subsidised liquefied petroleum gas scheme.

''It is being made out as if his personal property is being doled out,'' says Professor Ch Shyam Sunder. ''It is not so. Any government or chief minister should not think that development can be achieved by opiating the people. What does the government plan to achieve by giving subsidised gas connections? Such dole does not help them in the long run... How deep DWCRA, Janmabhoomi have gone in people's minds is not known. But these are good schemes.''

''When you are not able to continue the Rs 2 a kg rice scheme, how are you able to give subsidised gas connections?'' asks an Andhra University professor. ''Maybe such contradictory policy decisions are sending out conflicting signals.... Moreover, how do the poor who cannot afford subsidised rice, buy gas refills at Rs 160? I am sure they will sell the gas connection in two days.''

So do the meaningless welfare schemes put a further burden on the state exchequer which already seems strained because of the raising debt.

''There won't be a financial crisis as Naidu has invested in areas where the government would not lose money,'' says Narender Surana. ''He has done a wonderful job by increasing tariff to larger agricultural and industrial units. The revenue, I am told, has gone up by 10 per cent.''

''The government claims that the World Bank loan comes with an interest of 8-10 per cent,'' says an Andhra University professor. ''But, in real terms, the interest works out to 15 to 20 per cent if one considers like the falling rupee.''

''I don't agree with his pattern of mobilisation of resources as it is highly debt-oriented,'' says V K Srinivasan. ''Moreover the present investments are not always productive. If there is someone to lend, why not accept the loans seems to be the mindset. There is no commitment to posterity. We can't behave like some African country.''

''The gamble is that if the state develops, there would be no burden on the exchequer,'' says Professor Narasimha Reddy. ''If it doesn't? That is the big question.''

''However, I don't think we are on the verge of a crisis because of this,'' says V K Srinivasan.

The Naidu government has roped in McKinsey to draw up the Vision 2020 document, a blueprint for ushering in a Swarna (golden) Andhra Pradesh in 20 years. McKinsey had finalised the report based on the submissions made by 14 task forces comprising local experts.

''The basic work was done by experts from within the state,'' says Narendra Luther, the former chief secretary, who was on one of the task forces. ''The first part was done well, and there was no need to rope in McKinsey ... But Naidu wanted the label of an international consultancy so that world aid agencies could be easily convinced.''

''I feel Naidu, (his cabinet collegues) Ashok Gajapathi Raju and Devendra Goud are quite competent to formulate the plan,'' says V K Srinivasan. ''They have enough knowledge, experience and capacity to dream about Andhra Pradesh. Why don't they have the confidence? When you bring in an outsider, he may get the plan right by trial and error. But his priorities would never be right.''

''If nothing else, the Vision 2020 document has made the bureaucrats dream,'' says Luther.

''If this government or the next one goes along those lines, there will be a healthy growth in the long term,'' says Narender Surana.

However, Professor Narasimha Reddy dismisses it as a 'celluloid vision'. ''You talk of 9 per cent growth, 35 crores of investment. There are too many unrealistic projections. So much is loathsome... Such serious work is contracted to McKinsey, and they take it up as a marketing exercise, like selling soaps. It is full of false projections.''

''Such reports might be acceptable to the World Bank,'' says V K Srinivasan. ''But all good development plans stem from people who know the state well. Not from tie-wearing people who ask in a clipped accent, 'What is Telangana?' When so many experts are available in the state, why should we hire outsiders?''

Another complaint against Naidu is that his working style has put a lot of pressure on his staff while depriving him of leisure without which it is impossible to do creative work.

''I am worried about this man,'' says Professor R V R Chandrasekhara Rao. ''He is so young, but thinks of work all the time. No leisure, no relaxation, not even a drink. Leisure is also important.''

''The bureaucracy has been made to run too fast, too much,'' says Luther. ''How long can you work 20 hours a day? A senior IAS official recently had a nervous breakdown.'' Does Naidu also work like that? ''That is another criticism I have against him. He should not do that.... There is also too much of centralisation.''

''I don't think one person can attempt to do everything in a large state like Andhra Pradesh,'' says V K Srinivasan. ''When you plan you must have a vision, when try to execute the plan you look for details and when you monitor you must pursue the instrumentation panel approach (look for the amber signals). If he had conserved his energies for conceptualisation and delegated the execution to personnel who could go into the right kind of details, he would have been much more successful.

"In the first six months, Naidu and his team should have sat and drawn up a good blueprint. They did not do this... My point is not that he is not doing anything. He is doing something. But when you doing something you have to see the results... People are becoming very impatient,'' says the former civil servant.

''He has centralised everything, and this may boomerang as there is a lot of dissidence in the party,'' says Professor A Prasanna Kumar, retired rector, Andhra University. ''Maybe Naidu fears that he would meet the same fate as NTR.''

''There is dissension in the party, but no rivalry,'' says Professor R V R Chandrasekhara Rao. ''I don't know whether it is going to be an advantage in the long run. If there is a rival, one can easily tackle him. However, dissension can be mobilised, canalised by an individual, and suddenly a rival comes up. He should realise his own history. The biography of his father-in-law should not become his autobiography.''

The middle classes rave about his teleconferences with district collectors. ''Teleconferencing is not merely an image-building exercise,'' says D V Subba Rao, former Vishakapatnam mayor who is presently with the BJP. ''But it has put the bureaucrats on their toes.''

However, the public lashing seems to have had a demoralising effect on the bureaucracy. ''How can a collector work if he sits before the telephone all the time?'' asks Dr C V Raja Reddy, a leading medical practitioner in Srikakulam.

Naidu has been warning the people that the state's development clock would be set back by about 20 years if he loses the assembly election. ''That is not true,'' says B V R Mohan Reddy of Infotech Enterprises Limited. ''He is a politician, and so has to say such things for survival. Even if he is not in power, the state will continue to go forward. Maybe there would be slower growth.''

''I don't agree with this contention,'' says Narender Surana. ''I appreciate his good work. But how can anyone say there is no alternative to himself?''

''This is the age of competition,'' says Professor A Prasanna Kumar, retired rector, Andhra University. ''The Congress will say it will do better.''

''The dynamism which he has given to the state would be lost. I would prefer that he should be given at least one more chance,'' says Professor R V R Chandrasekhara Rao.

''In case he loses the poll, it means people have not understood the fruits of his leadership,'' says Professor Chandra Mouli.

But his most ardent admirers cannot miss the strong undercurrent against the TDP. ''An anti-incumbency syndrome is working,'' says Professor A Prasanna Kumar. ''All said and done AP has been a Congress stronghold. If the Congress had done well, it would never have lost. It is not easy for Chandrababu Naidu to win against the Congress. And we do not know who the Communists are going to hit. Moreover, there is an iconoclastic streak in the voters. 'Let us punish these leaders,' they may sometimes say.''

''He is facing a uphill task because of the long gestation period of his projects,'' says D V Subba Rao. ''How much software income can you generate in three years? That is why he keeps saying, 'Give me another five years.' ''

''In India, elections have never been fought on issues and performance,'' says K Satyanarayana Rao, a leading advocate in Khammam. '''I don't like him, so I will vote him out,' seems to be the outlook.''

''Naidu is like Karna,'' says P Sarangapani, an auto-rickshaw driver in Khammam. ''How can he win when he has the curse of the Communists, the Majlis...? He should win. He has done a good job.''

Such sentiments may not make any sense to the rural masses who are battling the pangs of hunger. Borrowing a line from Neil Diamond, Chandrababu Naidu may say, 'If there were no dreams, if there were dreamers, how can there be development?'

How many people will understand the passion of his dreams, especially when they keep changing? Remember how, after splashing the media with his hi-tech schemes for years, Naidu does not even make a mention of them in the present TDP manifesto?

Besides, if the chameleon-like dreams do not leave behind even a fading trail of industrial and agricultural development, how does one arrest the people's frustration? Of course, he has done exceptionally well in improving roads and the power situation, but this seems to have made the right impact only on the urban middle class and the elite. The rural masses are still waiting for someone to fulfil the expectations created by his high decibel propaganda.

No wonder a silent rebellion has been lurking in rural Andhra as Naidu wages his do-or-die battle. If Naidu has unveiled his productive subsidies a little earlier, perhaps the rebellion would have been crushed. But now, with the Congress promise of free power proving a irresistible bait, Naidu perhaps expects miracles to save his dreams.

[goldflake]

F@!n F@!n inta chadivava benzu